Contents	6
	List of contributors	8
	Acknowledgements	9
	Preface	11
	1 Citizenship, democracy and justice in the new Europe	14
	INTRODUCTION	14
	LIBERALISM, COMMUNITY AND CULTURE	16
	DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY	20
	SUBSTANTIVE LEGITIMACY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE	22
	CONCLUSION	25
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	26
	2 Justice, practical reason and boundaries	28
	INTRODUCTION	28
	JUSTICE AND PRACTICAL REASON	31
	LATE RAWLS VS. COMMUNITARIANISM	32
	SKETCH OF A THEORY OF JUSTICE	37
	NOTES	44
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	44
	3 Structural rationality, democratic citizenship and the new Europe	46
	INTRODUCTION	46
	STRUCTURAL RATIONALITY	47
	STRUCTURAL RATIONALITY AS CONSTITUTING DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP	51
	IMPLICATIONS FOR THE NEW EUROPE	57
	NOTES	58
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	59
	4 Justice vs. culture: which comes first?	62
	DILEMMAS OF EUROPEAN CULTURE	62
	We and They	62
	In search of a European mystique	64
	The weariness of the European spirit?	66
	JUSTICE COMES FIRST	68
	The razor of analytical philosophy	68
	Culture and the original position	69
	The original position and consociational democracy	72
	The original position and socialism	75
	CONCLUSION	76
	NOTES	78
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	78
	5 Political pluralism and European citizenship1	80
	INTRODUCTION	80
	THE SCEPTICAL ASSESSMENT OF EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP	82
	EUROPEAN LEGAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS	84
	TOWARDS A ‘CONSTITUTION OF INSTITUTIONS’	88
	SOCIAL DIVERSITY	91
	NOTES	92
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	93
	6 A liberal view on a European constitution	96
	INTRODUCTION	96
	DOES A EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION EXIST ALREADY?	96
	BACK TO THE AMERICAN MODEL	99
	OLD REASONS FOR A EUROPEAN FEDERATION, AND SOME NEW PROBLEMS	105
	WHAT KIND OF A EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION ARE WE GOING TO GET?	107
	ANOTHER WAY TOWARDS A EUROPEAN CONSTITUTION	109
	NOTES	111
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	114
	7 Pluralism, contractarianism and European union	116
	INTRODUCTION	116
	CONCEPTIONS OF CITIZENSHIP	116
	A LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC CONCEPTION OF CITIZENSHIP	119
	CITIZENSHIP AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY	122
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP	124
	FEDERALISM, OVERLAPPING CONSENSUS, AND DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITY	126
	CONCLUSION	128
	NOTES	129
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	131
	8 Majority rule, political identity and European union	134
	MAJORITY RULE AND EUROPEAN UNION: A PRELIMINARY ARGUMENT	137
	MAJORITY RULE AND POLITICAL IDENTITY	139
	THE STRUCTURE OF FEDERALISM	147
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	148
	9 Emancipatory politics between universalism and difference	150
	CITIZENSHIP IN A EUROPE OF DIFFERENCE	150
	PATRIARCHAL EQUALITY: THE ASSIMILATION OF DIFFERENCE	154
	THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENCE: ENABLEMENT FOR EQUAL CITIZENSHIP	157
	SHIFTING THE FOCUS TOWARDS AUTONOMY	160
	CONCLUSION: EUROPE AS A FORUM OF EMANCIPATORY DEBATES	163
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	165
	10 Basic income and the political economy of the new Europe1	168
	POVERTY AND EMANCIPATION	169
	THE END OF FULL EMPLOYMENT?	170
	THE THREE DILEMMAS OF WORKING-TIME REDUCTION	171
	SUBSIDISE THE EMPLOYER OR LIBERATE THE EMPLOYEE?	172
	A STRATEGY FOR THE NEW EUROPE	173
	BASIC INCOME AND POLITICAL THEORY	175
	Structure of political authority	175
	Pattern of social and economic rights	177
	Cultural diversity	177
	Europe and the world	177
	Universalism versus contextualism	178
	NOTES	178
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	180
	11 European citizenship: A mirage?	182
	INTRODUCTION	182
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP AND A ‘PAN-EUROPEAN WELFARE STATE’	183
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP AND THE MAASTRICHT TREATY	187
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION	190
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP, THE ‘DEMOCRATIC DEFICIT’, AND IDENTITY	192
	THE DEMOCRATIC DEFICIT: A TERRITORIAL SOLUTION?	196
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP AND ENLARGEMENT: NEW PROBLEMS	198
	EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP: A CONCLUSION	199
	NOTES	201
	BIBLIOGRAPHY	203
	Index	206